Toki k; Kawanishi H 1992

• Authors: Toki k; Kawanishi H
• Title: Survey of peonidin glycosides in garden snapdragons and changes in anthocyanin contents during floral development
• Location: Journal of the japanese society for horticultural science, 60 (4). 1992. 989-995.
• Abstract: we isolated four anthocyanins from the reddish-purple flowers of Antirrhinum majus l., our genetical stock (ccap), which had been obtained by crossing between 'floral carpet red' and strain a from 'ball's supreme red'. one of these anthocyanins was identified as peonidin 3-glucoside by chromatographic and spectral methods. this pigment was found along with 3-rutinosides of cyanidin and peonidin, and cyanidin 3-glucoside. in survey of anthocyanins on Antirrhinum cultivars, peonidin glycosides were detected in flowers of three cultivars out of twenty five. these pigments which occured in dwarf type plants were always accompanied by cyanidin glycosides. a quantity of four anthocyanins in each developmental stage of flower petals was investigated in a reddish-purple strain (ccap-21) containing a relatively large amount of the peonidin glycosides. the results are summarized as follows. 1. accumulation of the peonidin glycosides occurred at later stages than the cyanidin glycosides. 2. the content of 3-glucosides per floret decreased sharply from an intermediate stage of flower development to full bloom, while 3-rutinosides continued to increase until the flowers senesced. 3. the amount of peonidin 3-glucoside per upper lip reached a maximum at anthesis, whereas that of cyanidin 3-glucoside did so at half open stage. 4. the ratios of cyanidin to peonidin and monoside to bioside in palate were higher than in the upper lip at all developmental stages.